The System of CIM
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by: endeavor
Prior to developing the methods for defining integrated systems, it is necessary to describe some of the computer systems to appreciate the rigor required in the FOF.
We begin by describing computer-integrated design (CID). In this system modern three-dimensional solid graphics modelers are able to characterize all aspects of individual parts and assemblies.
Moreover, it receives closed-loop input from fabrication and assembly systems that allow reducibility and reliability analysis to be performed prior to commitment to the design.
The next major system is computer integrated planning (CIP) . Today, two inflexible systems often exist. One consists of MRP-based "business" systems, which build on bills of materials and determine how many of which parts are needed, how these parts are needed, and how these parts will come together.
The second consists of process planning-based "technical" systems, which review the inherent characteristics of each part and conceive the means by which existing equipment can produce the part.
In a CIM configuration these systems must reflect the ever-changing environment of marketing, sales, procurement, maintenance, and vendors, to create a flexible system. These systems must merge in a real-time atmosphere to create requirements and routings that optimize cost and throughput.
The third major system is computer-integrated manufacturing control (CIMC) . This is a closed-loop control system that interacts with the CIP to track and sequence properly all work on the shop floor to ensure proper utilization and proper flow of materials in a timely manner.
A fourth major system is computer-integrated control (CIC). This is the closed-loop system referred to earlier that interprets manufacturing plans and translates them into material handling and process commands. Included in CIC must be computer-integrated feedback.
The factory of the future will be a closed loop. This prerequisite dictates that all operations have known parametric ranges of operation and that whenever s parameter approaches a limit, the system takes action prior to a bad part being made.
On the shop floor more emphasis has recently been placed on computer-integrated fabrication ( GIF) . Such systems are often called flexible manufacturing systems. By any name the desire is to have a flexible system that is computer controlled and able to produce any of a family of parts with a minimum of setup time.
Two systems that support all these computer-integrated tools are group technology and integrated database.
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